Tafsir of Muhammad 47:33

{And do not invalidate your deeds} Meaning: Do not render your acts of obedience void through major sins (kabā’ir). This is like His saying, Exalted is He: {Do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet} (al-Ḥujurāt: 2), until He says: {lest your deeds become worthless} (al-Ḥujurāt: 2).

Reports on this verse:

• Abū al-ʿĀliyah: The Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to believe that no sin could harm one alongside faith, just as no deed could benefit one alongside polytheism (shirk). This continued until {And do not invalidate your deeds} was revealed, after which they began to fear that major sins might invalidate their deeds.
• Ḥudhayfah: They feared that major sins would render their deeds void.
• Ibn ʿUmar: We used to believe that none of our good deeds would be rejected until {And do not invalidate your deeds} was revealed. We asked, "What is it that invalidates our deeds?" We concluded it was the major sins (al-kabā’ir al-mūjibāt) and immoralities (al-fawāḥish). However, when {Indeed, Allah does not forgive association with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills} (an-Nisā’: 116) was revealed, we ceased speaking on that matter. Thereafter, we feared for those who committed major sins and held hope for those who did not.
• Qatādah (may Allah have mercy on him): May Allah have mercy on a servant who does not invalidate his righteous deeds with his evil deeds.
• Others: Do not invalidate them through disobedience to Him (Allah) and His Messenger.
• Ibn ʿAbbās (may Allah be pleased with them both): Do not invalidate them through showing off (riyā’) and seeking reputation (sumʿah).
• Also from Ibn ʿAbbās: Through doubt and hypocrisy (nifāq).
• Others: Through self-admiration (ʿujb); for self-admiration consumes good deeds just as fire consumes firewood.
• Others: Do not invalidate your charities through reminders of generosity (mann) and injury (adhā).

{Indeed, those who disbelieved and averted [people] from the way of Allah and then died while they were disbelievers - never will Allah forgive them.}