Tafsir of Ad-Dhariyat 51:41

{The Barren [al-‘aqīm]}: That which holds no good, neither in producing rain nor in pollinating trees. It is the wind of destruction. There is disagreement regarding it:

• From ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): It is the Nakba’ (the wind blowing between two cardinal directions).
• From Ibn ‘Abbas: It is the Dabur (the westerly wind).
• From Ibn al-Musayyib: It is the Janub (the southerly wind).

{Decayed [al-ramīm]}: Everything that has ramma—meaning decayed and crumbled—whether it be bone, vegetation, or anything else.

{And in Thamud, when it was said to them, "Enjoy yourselves for a time."}

{But they were insolent toward the command of their Lord, so the thunderbolt seized them while they were looking on.}

{And they were unable to arise, nor were they able to defend themselves.}