ﲩ ﲪ ﲫ ﲬ ﲭ ﲮ ﲯ ﲰ ﲱ ﲲ ﲳ ﲴ ﲵ ﲶ ﲷ ﲸ ﲹ ﲺ ﲻ ﲼ ﲽ ﲾ ﲿ ﳀ ﳁ
And [mention, O Muhammad], when Moses said to his people, "O my people, why do you harm me while you certainly know that I am the messenger of Allah to you?" And when they deviated, Allah caused their hearts to deviate. And Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.
Tafsir
Verse range: 61:5
{And when (wa-idh)}: This is in the accusative case due to an implied verb, "Remember." Alternatively, it means: "And at the time when he said to them what he said, such and such occurred."
{Why do you harm me?}: They used to harm him through various types of abuse: disparaging him, finding fault in his person, denying his signs, disobeying him in matters where the benefit returned to them, worshipping the calf, demanding to see Allah openly, and the act of denial—which is a violation of the right of Allah and his [Moses'] right.
{While you know}: This is in the position of a circumstantial qualifier (hal). That is: "You harm me while possessing certain, absolute knowledge."
{That I am the Messenger of Allah to you}: The logical consequence and requirement of your knowledge of this is that you should honor and revere me, not harm me or treat me with contempt. This is because whoever knows Allah and His greatness honors His Messenger, knowing that honoring Allah lies in honoring His Messenger. Furthermore, whoever harms him, the threat of Allah will surely overtake him.
{So when they deviated}: That is, deviated from the truth.
{Allah caused their hearts to deviate}: By withholding His graces (altaf) from them.
{And Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people}: He does not grant them His grace because they are not among the people worthy of it.
If you ask: What is the meaning of "qad" in His saying, {While you know (qad ta‘lamun)}? I reply: Its meaning is emphasis, as if He said: "And you know with certain knowledge in which you have no doubt."
