ﱁ ﱂ ﱃ ﱄ ﱅ ﱆ ﱇ ﱈ ﱉ ﱊ ﱋ ﱌ ﱍ ﱎ ﱏ ﱐ ﱑ ﱒ ﱓ ﱔ ﱕ ﱖ ﱗ ﱘ
But when good came to them, they said, "This is ours [by right]." And if a bad [condition] struck them, they saw an evil omen in Moses and those with him. Unquestionably, their fortune is with Allah, but most of them do not know.
Tafsir
Verse range: 7:131
{فَإِذَا جَاءَتْهُمُ الْحَسَنَةُ} From abundance and prosperity.
{قَالُوا لَنَا هَذِهِ} Meaning: This is specific to us, and we are the ones who deserve it; we have always been in grace and comfort. The lām (in lanā) is like the lām in your saying: "The saddle-cloth (al-jull) is for the horse."
{وَإِن تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ} From hardship and drought.
{يَطَّيَّرُوا بِمُوسَى وَمَن مَّعَهُ} They would take them as an omen and consider them a bad sign, saying: "This is because of their ill-fortune; were it not for their presence, this would not have befallen us," just as the disbelievers said to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ): "This is from you."
If you ask: Why is it said "When (idhā) the good comes to them" with idhā and the definite article (al-ḥasanah), while it is said "If (in) a bad thing befalls them" with in and the indefinite (sayyi'ah)?
I say: Because the occurrence of the genus of "good" is like a necessity due to its frequency and vastness. As for "bad," it only occurs rarely, and only a portion of it happens. From this is the saying of someone: "I have counted the days of affliction, but have you counted the days of prosperity?"
{طَائِرُهُمْ عِندَ اللَّهِ} Meaning: The cause of their good and their evil is with Allah; it is His decree and His will. Allah is the One who wills what befalls them of good and bad, and no one’s ill-fortune or good fortune is caused by them, just as He, the Exalted, says: "Say: All is from Allah" (An-Nisāʾ: 78).
It is also possible that the meaning is: "Behold, the cause of their ill-fortune is with Allah," which is their deeds recorded with Him, for which that which displeases them befalls them, and for which they are punished after their death by what Allah promised them in His saying, the Exalted: "The Fire, they are exposed to it" (Ghāfir: 46). And there is no ṭāʾir (omen/fate) more ominous than this.
Al-Ḥasan read: Innamā ṭayrukum ʿinda Allāh. It is a collective noun for ṭāʾir (bird/omen) that is not a broken plural, similar to al-tajr (merchants) and al-rakb (riders). According to Abū al-Ḥasan, it is a broken plural.
{وَقَالُوا مَهْمَا تَأْتِنَا بِهِ مِنْ آيَةٍ لِّتَسْحَرَنَا بِهَا فَمَا نَحْنُ لَكَ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ * فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الطُّوفَانَ وَالْجَرَادَ وَالْقُمَّلَ وَالضَّفَادِعَ وَالدَّمَ آيَاتٍ مُّفَصَّلَاتٍ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَكَانُوا قَوْمًا مُّجْرِمِينَ}
