What is the legal definition of a bequest (Wasiyyah)?

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A bequest (Wasiyyah) is the act of donating property after death. Its legal basis is established through the Quran, the Sunnah, and scholarly consensus. The Quran states, "Prescribed for you, when death approaches one of you, if he leaves wealth, is a bequest for parents and relatives in kindness." (Quran 2:180) and "after any bequest he [might have] willed or debt." (Quran 4:11). Consensus among scholars across all regions and eras affirms the permissibility of making a bequest.