Ruh al-Ma'ani on Al-Jathiyah 45:2

Surah Al-Jathiyah 45:2

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ﱃ ﱄ ﱅ ﱆ ﱇ ﱈ

The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.

(Tanzil al-Kitab) (Tanzil) is a predicate following a predicate; it is an infinitive used in the sense of the passive participle (the object) as an exaggeration.

(Min Allah al-Aziz al-Hakim) This is its connection, or a third predicate, or a state (hal) of "Tanzil," whose operator is the meaning of the indication, or a state of "al-Kitab" (the Book), which is the object in meaning, with its operator being the genitive.

It is said that (Ha Mim) is the subject and this is its predicate, and the discussion regarding exaggeration applies here as well. Or, it may be interpreted as "Tanzil" being "Munazzal" (that which is sent down), with the genitive construction (idafa) being that of an adjective to its described noun. Considering the exaggeration is more appropriate, meaning: "By Him is the sending down..." This is countered by the argument that what is made a title for a subject ought to have its attribution known beforehand; and since there is no precedent for the naming here, it is rightfully predicative.

Jar Allah [al-Zamakhshari] permitted making "Ha Mim" a subject with an implied genitive, meaning: "The sending down of Ha Mim," and "Tanzil" (the one mentioned) is its predicate, while "Min Allah" is its connection. In this there is the replacement of the explicit noun for the pronoun, signaling that it is the perfect Book—if "the Book" is intended to mean the [entire] Surah—and it contains a glorification not present in "Tanzil Ha Mim [is] a sending down from Allah." For this reason, when this nuance was not intended in [Surah] Ha Mim al-Sajdah, it was followed by His saying: (A Book whose verses have been detailed), to convey this benefit along with stylistic variation.

If "the Book" refers to the entire Quran, it is to indicate that its sending down is like the sending down of the whole in terms of achieving the purpose of the challenge (tahaddi) and guidance (tahaddi). Therefore, the claim that this interpretation is devoid of any significant benefit is a claim devoid of any significant fairness.

If it is treated as an enumeration of letters, it has no place in syntax; then "Tanzil" would be the predicate of an implied subject indicated by what precedes it—meaning: "That which is composed of the genre mentioned is the sending down of the Book"—or "Tanzil" is the subject and the prepositional phrase following it is its predicate, according to what Jar Allah stated.

It is also said that (Ha Mim) is something sworn by, and thus it contains an implied preposition, and it is in the place of a genitive or accusative depending on the well-known disagreement regarding it. "Tanzil" is then an adjective cut off [from the genitive], and is thus a predicate of an implied subject, and the sentence is an initial clause, and the answer to the oath is His saying: [...]

Tafsir of Al-Jathiyah 45:2

Ruh al-Ma'ani

(Tanzil al-Kitab) (Tanzil) is a predicate following a predicate; it is an infinitive used in the sense of the passive participle (the object) as an exaggeration.

(Min Allah al-Aziz al-Hakim) This is its connection, or a third predicate, or a state (*hal*) of "Tanzil," whose operator is the meaning of the indication, or a state of "al-Kitab" (the Book), which is the object in meaning, with its operator being the genitive.

(Min Allah al-Aziz al-Hakim) This is its connection, or a third predicate, or a state (hal) of "Tanzil," whose operator is the meaning of the indication, or a state of "al-Kitab" (the Book), which is the object in meaning, with its operator being the genitive.