Tafsir of Ad-Dhuha 93:6

[Exegesis] God enumerates His blessings and favors upon him, showing that He has never left him without them since the beginning of his upbringing and the start of his development. This is to prepare him for what He intended for him, so that he may measure the future grace of God by what has already passed, ensuring he expects nothing but goodness, increased bounty, and honor, so that his breast does not tighten and his patience does not wane.

"Did He not find you" The "finding" here refers to knowledge. The two accusatives are the objects of "find." The meaning is: Were you not an orphan? His father died while he was a fetus of six months, and his mother died when he was eight years old. His uncle, Abu Talib, took him in, and God inclined his heart toward him, providing him with an excellent upbringing.

Among the novel interpretations is that it is derived from the saying "a unique pearl" (durra yatima), meaning: Did He not find you unique among the Quraysh, without peer, and thus sheltered you?

"And sheltered you" This is read in two ways:

1. From awa, meaning "He gave shelter." I heard a shepherd say, "Where shall I shelter this injured sheep?"
2. From awa lahu, meaning "he had mercy on him."

"Lost" (dallan) Its meaning is being lost regarding the knowledge of religious laws and the path of revelation, as in His saying: "You did not know what the Book was" (Al-Shura: 52).

• It is said: He was lost in his childhood in some of the mountain passes of Mecca, and Abu Jahl returned him to Abd al-Muttalib.
• It is said: Halima lost him near the gate of Mecca when she weaned him and brought him to return him to Abd al-Muttalib.
• It is said: He was lost on the road to Syria when Abu Talib took him out.

"And He guided you" Meaning: He taught you the Quran and the laws, or He removed your state of being lost regarding your grandfather’s religion, as you claimed. As for those who say he followed the ways of his people for forty years: if they mean he was devoid of revealed knowledge, then yes; but if they mean he was upon their religion and disbelief, then God forbid! Prophets must be infallible—both before and after prophethood—from major sins and disgraceful minor ones. How then could there be disbelief or ignorance of the Creator? "It was not for us to associate anything with God" (Yusuf: 38). It is sufficient a deficiency for a Prophet in the eyes of the disbelievers that he had a past of disbelief.

"And poor" (a'ilan) Meaning: needy. It is also read as 'aylan, similar to the reading of sayhat. Meaning: destitute.

"And He enriched you" Meaning: He enriched you with the wealth of Khadija, or with the spoils of war He bestowed upon you. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "My provision has been placed under the shadow of my spear." It is also said: He satisfied you and enriched your heart.

"So as for the orphan, do not oppress. And as for the petitioner, do not repel. And as for the favor of your Lord, report [it]."